The Canadian Shield started its development in the Precambrian geologic era from 4.6 Billion to 600 million years ago. This region covers parts of Nunavut, the Northwest territories, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Quebec and western Newfoundland and Labrador. Two major cities in the Canadian Shield are Sudbury in Ontario and Thompson in Manitoba.
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The main types of rock found in this region are Igneous and Metamorphic rock. The Canadian Shield is called the storehouse of Canada's metallic minerals and is one of the world's richest areas in terms of mineral ores. Minerals found in this area include, lead, gold, nickel, copper and zinc. Rich diamond deposits were also found where ancient volcanoes once existed. The Canadian Shield consists of vast forests, however not much farming occurs despite its thin soil. The Only exception is Ontario and Quebec who were affected my the large thick clay deposits caused by the glacial lakes. This land has many purposes including, but not limited to mineral extraction, forestry, hydroelectric power and recreational purposes.
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An economic activity based on the natural resources in the Canadian Shield is the Mining industry. This region attracts many mining companies because of its abundance in metallic minerals. The extraction process creates many jobs and permits the exportation of theses minerals to other regions and countries. However, the extraction process of minerals with heavy machinery often ruins the health of the environment and the habitats in that region. This often results in air pollution which is harmfull for the health of all living creatures in that area. The
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